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Arduino en español
Circuitos con Arduino - Juan Antonio Villalpando

-- Tutorial de iniciación a Arduino --

Volver al índice del tutorial

___________________________

 

64.- Arduino DUE. Generador sinusoidal, diente de sierra, triangular.

- Arduino Mega:

  • Microcontrolador: ATmega2560
  • Voltaje Operativo: 5V
  • Voltaje de Entrada: 7-12V
  • Voltaje de Entrada (límites) : 6-20V
  • Pines digitales de Entrada/Salida:  54 (de los cuales 15 proveen salida PWM)
  • Pines análogicos de entrada: 16
  • Corriente DC por cada Pin Entrada/Salida: 40 mA
  • Corriente DC entregada en el Pin 3.3V: 50 mA
  • Memoria Flash:  256 KB (8KB usados por el bootloader)
  • SRAM: 8KB
  • EEPROM: 4KB
  • Clock Speed: 16 MHz

- Arduino DUE:


- Micro-controlador: AT91SAM3X8E ARM CORTEX M3 32 BIT 84 MHz
- Memoria Flash: 512 KB
- Memoria Ram: 96 KB
- Tensión de alimentación recomendada: 7 A 12 V, Máximo 20 V.
- 54 Pines de entrada y salida digitales 3.3 v
- 12 Pines de entrada analógica.
- 2 Pines de salida analógica.
- Compatible con Arduino IDE 1.5 en adelante.
- Medidas: 100 X 53 mm.
- Trabaja con logica 3.3 v (conectarlo a logica 5v puede dañar la placa )

 

0.- Conectar el cable USB al puerto Programming Port del Arduino, este conector es el que está al lado de la clavija redondeada negra de alimentación.

1.- Instalar drives, se encuentran en la carpeta Arduino/drivers

https://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/ArduinoDue

2.- Que salga Arduino Due en Tarjetas. Instalar SAM Core

https://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/Cores

3.- El hardware de Arduino.

https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardDue

4.- Arduino DUE generador de onda alterna, senoidal, triangular...

https://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/DueSimpleWaveformGenerator

 

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

- La salida del DAC es de 0,55 a 2,75.

- Generador de onda con Arduino UNO

- Con resistencia R-2R: http://www.auctoris.co.uk/2011/05/25/arduino-function-generator-part-2/

- Qué son los puertos en Arduino PORTD: http://panamahitek.com/registro-port-puerto/

- http://panamahitek.com/mapear-puertos-de-arduino/

- MOSFET: http://panamahitek.com/que-es-y-como-funciona-un-mosfet/

- Componentes electronicos: http://www.mouser.es/Passive-Components/Capacitors/Datasheets/_/N-5g7r

- http://panamahitek.com/guia-basica-sobre-el-uso-de-git-y-github/

- http://web.csulb.edu/~hill/ee470/Lab%202d%20-%20Sine_Wave_Generator.pdf

---------------------------------------------

- Generador de senoidal con Arduino UNO

senoidal.ino
			// Juan Antonio Villalpando
// juana1991@yahoo.com
// kio4.com

void setup() 
{ 
Serial.begin(115200);  

}

float deltaAngle = 3.14/51;
float angle = 0;
int amplitude = 100;

void loop() 
{

int data1;
data1 = amplitude * sin(angle);
angle = angle + deltaAngle;

delay(100);
Serial.println(data1);
}
			
			
			

---------------------------------------------
- Otro código.

The following scope picture is an example of a 100Hz sine wave signal generated by the ATmega328P PWM. The scope snap-shot show the output on the OC0A pin (Arduino Digital Pin 6), which is the filtered/shaped PWM signal. A simple RC filter is used to shape the PWM signal to a sine wave - an analog signal where the amplitude is given by the duty cycle of the PWM output. The RC filter used has an R = 10 kO and a C = 100 nF, resulting in a filter crossover frequency of 1 kHz, which will let the low frequency sine wave pass while filtering out the high frequency PWM base (62.5 kHz).

Si a la salida de D6 ponemos una resistencia de 10K y un condensador de 100nF, podremos observar una señal senoidal.

seno.ino
/*
* sinewave_pcm
*
* Generates 8-bit PCM sinewave on pin 6 using pulse-width modulation (PWM).
* For Arduino with Atmega368P at 16 MHz.
*
* Uses timers 1 and 0. Timer 1 reads the sinewave table, SAMPLE_RATE times a
second.
* The sinewave table has 256 entries. Consequently, the sinewave has a
frequency of
* f = SAMPLE_RATE / 256
* Each entry in the sinewave table defines the duty-cycle of Timer 0. Timer
0
* holds pin 6 high from 0 to 255 ticks out of a 256-tick cycle, depending on
* the current duty cycle. Timer 0 repeats 62500 times per second (16000000 /
256),
* much faster than the generated sinewave generated frequency.
*
* References:
* http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/doc2542.pdf
* http://www.analog.com/library/analogdialogue/archives/38-08/dds.html
* http://www.evilmadscientist.com/article.php/avrdac
* http://www.arduino.cc/playground/Code/R2APCMAudio
* http://www.scienceprog.com/generate-sine-wave-modulated-pwm-with-avrmicrocontroller/
* http://www.scienceprog.com/avr-dds-signal-generator-v10/
* http://documentation.renesas.com/eng/products/region/rtas/mpumcu/apn/
sinewave.pdf
* http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/AppNotes/00655a.pdf
*
* By Gary Hill
* Adapted from a script by Michael Smith <michael@hurts.ca>
*/
#include <stdint.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#define SAMPLE_RATE 8000 // 8 ksps
/*
* The sinewave data needs to be unsigned, 8-bit
*
* sinewavedata.h should look like this:
* const int sinewave_length=256;
*
* const unsigned char sinewave_data[] PROGMEM = {0x80,0x83, ...
*
*/
#include "sinewavedata.h"
int outputPin = 6; // (PCINT22/OC0A/AIN0)PD6, Arduino Digital Pin 6
volatile uint16_t sample;
// This is called at SAMPLE_RATE kHz to load the next sample.
ISR(TIMER1_COMPA_vect) {
if (sample >= sinewave_length) {
sample = -1;
}
else {
OCR0A = pgm_read_byte(&sinewave_data[sample]);
}
++sample;
}
void startPlayback()
{
pinMode(outputPin, OUTPUT);
// Set Timer 0 Fast PWM Mode (Section 14.7.3)
// WGM = 0b011 = 3 (Table 14-8)
// TOP = 0xFF, update OCR0A register at BOTTOM
TCCR0A |= _BV(WGM01) | _BV(WGM00);
TCCR0B &= ~_BV(WGM02);
// Do non-inverting PWM on pin OC0A, arduino digital pin 6
// COM0A = 0b10, clear OC0A pin on compare match,
// set 0C0A pin at BOTTOM (Table 14-3)
TCCR0A = (TCCR0A | _BV(COM0A1)) & ~_BV(COM0A0);
// COM0B = 0b00, OC0B disconnected (Table 14-6)
TCCR0A &= ~(_BV(COM0B1) | _BV(COM0B0));
// No prescaler, CS = 0b001 (Table 14-9)
TCCR0B = (TCCR0B & ~(_BV(CS02) | _BV(CS01))) | _BV(CS00);
// Set initial pulse width to the first sample.
OCR0A = pgm_read_byte(&sinewave_data[0]);
// Set up Timer 1 to send a sample every interrupt.
cli(); // disable interrupts
// Set CTC mode (Section 15.9.2 Clear Timer on Compare Match)
// WGM = 0b0100, TOP = OCR1A, Update 0CR1A Immediate (Table 15-4)
// Have to set OCR1A *after*, otherwise it gets reset to 0!
TCCR1B = (TCCR1B & ~_BV(WGM13)) | _BV(WGM12);
TCCR1A = TCCR1A & ~(_BV(WGM11) | _BV(WGM10));
// No prescaler, CS = 0b001 (Table 15-5)
TCCR1B = (TCCR1B & ~(_BV(CS12) | _BV(CS11))) | _BV(CS10);
// Set the compare register (OCR1A).
// OCR1A is a 16-bit register, so we have to do this with
// interrupts disabled to be safe.
OCR1A = F_CPU / SAMPLE_RATE; // 16e6 / 8000 = 2000
// Enable interrupt when TCNT1 == OCR1A (p.136)
TIMSK1 |= _BV(OCIE1A);
sample = 0;
sei(); // enable interrupts
}
void setup()
{
startPlayback();
}
void loop()
{
while (true);
}

 

sinewavedata.h
/* Sinewave table
* Reference:
* http://www.scienceprog.com/generate-sine-wave-modulated-pwm-with-avrmicrocontroller/
*/
const int sinewave_length=256;
const unsigned char sinewave_data[] PROGMEM = {
0x80,0x83,0x86,0x89,0x8c,0x8f,0x92,0x95,0x98,0x9c,0x9f,0xa2,0xa5,0xa8,0xab,0xae,
0xb0,0xb3,0xb6,0xb9,0xbc,0xbf,0xc1,0xc4,0xc7,0xc9,0xcc,0xce,0xd1,0xd3,0xd5,0xd8,
0xda,0xdc,0xde,0xe0,0xe2,0xe4,0xe6,0xe8,0xea,0xec,0xed,0xef,0xf0,0xf2,0xf3,0xf5,
0xf6,0xf7,0xf8,0xf9,0xfa,0xfb,0xfc,0xfc,0xfd,0xfe,0xfe,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,
0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xfe,0xfe,0xfd,0xfc,0xfc,0xfb,0xfa,0xf9,0xf8,0xf7,
0xf6,0xf5,0xf3,0xf2,0xf0,0xef,0xed,0xec,0xea,0xe8,0xe6,0xe4,0xe2,0xe0,0xde,0xdc,
0xda,0xd8,0xd5,0xd3,0xd1,0xce,0xcc,0xc9,0xc7,0xc4,0xc1,0xbf,0xbc,0xb9,0xb6,0xb3,
0xb0,0xae,0xab,0xa8,0xa5,0xa2,0x9f,0x9c,0x98,0x95,0x92,0x8f,0x8c,0x89,0x86,0x83,
0x80,0x7c,0x79,0x76,0x73,0x70,0x6d,0x6a,0x67,0x63,0x60,0x5d,0x5a,0x57,0x54,0x51,
0x4f,0x4c,0x49,0x46,0x43,0x40,0x3e,0x3b,0x38,0x36,0x33,0x31,0x2e,0x2c,0x2a,0x27,
0x25,0x23,0x21,0x1f,0x1d,0x1b,0x19,0x17,0x15,0x13,0x12,0x10,0x0f,0x0d,0x0c,0x0a,
0x09,0x08,0x07,0x06,0x05,0x04,0x03,0x03,0x02,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07,0x08,
0x09,0x0a,0x0c,0x0d,0x0f,0x10,0x12,0x13,0x15,0x17,0x19,0x1b,0x1d,0x1f,0x21,0x23,
0x25,0x27,0x2a,0x2c,0x2e,0x31,0x33,0x36,0x38,0x3b,0x3e,0x40,0x43,0x46,0x49,0x4c,
0x4f,0x51,0x54,0x57,0x5a,0x5d,0x60,0x63,0x67,0x6a,0x6d,0x70,0x73,0x76,0x79,0x7c};

________________________________

- Mi correo:
juana1991@yahoo.com
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© Juan A. Villalpando
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